Class 10th Part B Chap 11 IT 402

  Intro 

Hello! LibreOffice is a free and open-source office suite that allows you to perform various tasks like word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, databases, drawing, and creating mathematical formulas. It has emerged as an excellent alternative to Microsoft Office and is used by millions of people worldwide.

LibreOffice includes the following main applications:

• Writer: This is a word processor that you can use to create and edit letters, reports, brochures, and other text-based documents.
• Calc: This is a spreadsheet program that allows you to organize, calculate, and analyze data, as well as create charts and graphs.
• Impress: This is presentation software that you can use to create and deliver engaging slideshows.
• Draw: This is a vector graphics editor that you can use to create diagrams, flowcharts, logos, and other illustrations.
• Base: This is a database management program that allows you to create, manage, and query databases.
• Math: This is a formula editor that you can use to create mathematical and scientific equations.

LibreOffice is packed with many useful features, including:

• Compatibility with various file formats: It can open and save many different document formats, including those of Microsoft Office.
• User-friendly interface: Its interface is intuitive and easy to use, making it simple for new users to learn.
• Extensibility: You can enhance the functionality of LibreOffice by using extensions and templates.
• Multilingual support: It is available in over 100 languages.
• No license fees: It is completely free to use and distribute.

In short, LibreOffice is a powerful, versatile, and free office suite that is an excellent choice for both home and business use.

Getting Started with LibreOffice Writer: Your Free Word Processor

So, you've installed LibreOffice and are ready to dive into some word processing? Excellent! LibreOffice Writer is a powerful and free alternative to Microsoft Word, offering a wide range of features for creating everything from simple letters to complex documents. Here's a quick guide to get you started:

Launching Writer:

The first step is to actually open the application. The exact method depends on your operating system:

• Windows: Look for "LibreOffice [version number]" in your Start Menu. Click on it, and then select "Writer" from the options. You might also find a direct shortcut to Writer on your desktop.
• macOS: Open your "Applications" folder and find the "LibreOffice" suite. Inside, you'll find the "Writer" application. Double-click it to launch.
• Linux: The method varies depending on your distribution and desktop environment. You can usually find it in your application menu under "Office" or by searching for "LibreOffice Writer." You can also often launch it from the terminal by typing libreoffice --writer or writer.

Main components of the LibreOffice Writer window:

• Title Bar: Located at the very top of the window, it displays the name of the currently open document and the application name (LibreOffice Writer). It also contains the window control buttons (minimize, maximize/restore, close).

• Menu Bar: Situated below the Title Bar, this bar provides access to various menu options such as File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools, Window, and Help. Each menu contains a drop-down list of related commands.

• Toolbars: Typically located below the Menu Bar, toolbars offer quick access to frequently used commands through icons. The two main toolbars are:

  • Standard Toolbar: Contains icons for common commands like opening, saving, printing, copying, pasting, undo, and redo.
  • Formatting Toolbar: Provides options for text formatting such as font, font size, bold, italics, underline, text alignment, bullets, and numbering. You can show or hide additional toolbars from the View menu.

• Sidebar: Positioned on the right side of the window, the Sidebar is a panel that offers various context-sensitive tools and options. It can include sections like Properties, Styles and Formatting, Gallery, and Navigator. The Sidebar can be toggled on or off via the View menu.

• Text Area: This is the main central part of the window where you type and edit your text. It's the blank space where your document is displayed.

• Rulers: Located above and to the left of the Text Area, rulers help you set margins, indents, and tab stops. If they are not visible, you can activate them from the View menu.

• Scroll Bars: If the document is larger than the window view, you'll see scroll bars on the right (vertical scroll bar) and at the bottom (horizontal scroll bar) of the Text Area. These are used to navigate to different parts of the document.

• Status Bar: Found at the bottom of the window, the Status Bar displays information about the current document, such as the current page number, word count, character count, current cursor position, and active language.

These components work together to provide a comprehensive workspace in LibreOffice Writer, enabling you to create and edit documents efficiently.

Working with Sidebar in LibreOffice Writer 

1. What is Sidebar?
   The Sidebar is a panel on the side of the screen that gives quick access to tools and settings.

2. How to Open/Close:

   • Go to View > Sidebar, or

   • Press F11 to show/hide it.

3. Main Sections in Sidebar:

   • Properties: Text formatting (font, size, alignment).

   • Styles: Apply or change styles (paragraph, character).

   • Gallery: Add clipart and images.

   • Navigator: Jump to headings, tables, images, etc.

   • Page: Set page layout and margins.

4. Benefits:

   • Saves time.

   • Easy formatting.

   • Better document control.

Typing and Editing Text and Documents in LibreOffice Writer 

1. Typing Text:

• Open LibreOffice Writer.

• Click where you want to type.

• Start typing using your keyboard.

• Press Enter to go to a new line.

• Press Tab for a space indent.

2. Editing Text:

• Select Text: Click and drag to highlight words.

• Cut: Remove text (Ctrl + X).

• Copy: Copy text (Ctrl + C).

• Paste: Paste text (Ctrl + V).

• Undo: Go back one step (Ctrl + Z).

• Redo: Repeat the last step (Ctrl + Y).

3. Formatting Text:

• Select text and use toolbar:

  • Bold (Ctrl + B)

  • Italic (Ctrl + I)

  • Underline (Ctrl + U)

  • Change font and size

  • Change text color and highlight

4. Saving Documents:

• Click File > Save or press Ctrl + S

• Choose the folder and name your file

5. Opening Documents:

• Click File > Open or press Ctrl + O

• Select the file you want to edit

1. Style in LibreOffice Writer

A Style is a set of text formatting rules. For example, a "Heading" style makes text big and bold, while "Body Text" keeps it normal. Styles save time and keep your document neat. You can apply styles from the Sidebar > Styles.

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2. Style Category in Writer

Styles in Writer are grouped into categories:

• Paragraph Styles (for full paragraphs)

• Character Styles (for selected words)

• Page Styles (for page layout)

• List Styles (for bullets and numbers)

• Table Styles (for tables)

This helps organize your document better.

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3. Style and Formatting Window

The Style and Formatting window shows all styles. You can open it by pressing F11 or using the Sidebar. From here, you can apply, create, or edit styles. It helps keep your document looking clean and uniform.

4. Filtering Styles

Filtering helps you see only the styles you need. In the Styles and Formatting window, there is a drop-down menu. You can filter styles by:

• Applied Styles – shows only styles used in the document.

• Custom Styles – shows only styles you made.

• Hierarchical – shows styles in a tree format (parent-child).

• All Styles – shows every style available.

This makes it easier to find and apply styles.

Visible Style

Visible Style means the style currently applied to the text or paragraph where the cursor is placed.

• You can see the style name in the Styles Sidebar or Formatting toolbar.

• You can change it by clicking a different style name.

Applying Styles in LibreOffice Writer

Styles help you make your documents look neat and professional. Instead of changing font, size, and color again and again, you can use a style. LibreOffice Writer has different types of styles like Paragraph styles, Character styles, Page styles, etc. Here’s how to apply them:

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1. Applying Paragraph Style

Paragraph styles change the whole paragraph’s look. They control font, size, line spacing, alignment, and more.

Steps:

• Click anywhere inside the paragraph you want to style.

• Press F11 or click on the Styles Sidebar.

• Click on the Paragraph Styles icon (first button).

• Select a style like Heading 1, Text Body, or Subtitle.

• The whole paragraph will be updated.

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2. Applying Character Style

Character styles change only selected text – like a word or sentence. They control font, color, and style (bold, italic, etc.).

Steps:

• Select the text (word or sentence).

• In the Styles Sidebar, click the Character Styles icon (letter A).

• Choose a style like Strong Emphasis or Quotation.

• Only the selected text changes, not the whole paragraph.

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3. Removing and Replacing Character Style

If you don’t want the style anymore, you can remove or change it.

To remove:

• Select the styled text.

• Press Ctrl + M to remove the formatting.

To replace:

• Select the text again.

• Choose a different style from the Character Styles list.

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4. Applying Styles in Fill Format Mode

This is a quick way to apply the same style to many parts of your document.

Steps:

• Open the Styles Sidebar.

• Click the Fill Format Mode icon (paint bucket).

• Click on the style you want to use.

• Now, click on each paragraph or text where you want to apply the style.

• Press Esc to stop Fill Format Mode.

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5. Applying Styles Using Keyboard Shortcuts

Some styles have shortcut keys, which save time.

Common Shortcuts:

• Ctrl + 1 → Heading 1

• Ctrl + 2 → Heading 2

• Ctrl + 0 → Text Body

Tip: You can set your own shortcuts:
Go to Tools > Customize > Keyboard, and choose your style and key.

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Conclusion

Using styles in LibreOffice Writer makes your work faster, cleaner, and more professional. Instead of formatting each part by hand, use styles and let Writer do the work for you!

Creating and Updating New Style from Selection in LibreOffice Writer

Styles help you apply the same formatting again and again without repeating work. LibreOffice Writer allows you to create your own styles and even update or delete them. Let’s learn how to do that step by step.

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1. New Style from Selection

You can create a new style based on text that is already formatted.

Steps:

• Format some text the way you like (font, size, color, etc.).

• Select the text.

• Open the Styles Sidebar (press F11).

• Click the “Styles” menu (three lines or right-click).

• Choose “New Style from Selection”.

• Give the style a name, like "MyTitle", and click OK.
  Now you can use this style anytime from the list.

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2. Update Style from Selection

If you change some text that already uses a style, you can update the style to match the new formatting.

Steps:

• Change the formatting of the styled text.

• Select that text.

• In the Styles Sidebar, right-click on the style name.

• Choose “Update Selected Style”.
  All text using that style will change to match your new formatting.

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3. Loading Styles from Template or Another Document

You can bring styles from other documents or templates.

Steps:

• Go to Styles > Load Styles (from the Sidebar or Format menu).

• Click From File and choose the document or template.

• Tick the types of styles you want (Paragraph, Character, etc.).

• Click OK.
  Now, those styles will appear in your current document.

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4. Drag and Drop Selection to Create Style

A fast way to create a new style is by drag and drop.

Steps:

• Format your text and select it.

• Open the Styles Sidebar.

• Click and drag the selected text to the style list area.

• A box will pop up—give the style a name and click OK.
  Your new style is now saved.

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5. Modifying a Style

You can change any existing style.

Steps:

• In the Styles Sidebar, right-click the style name.

• Click Modify.

• A window opens where you can change font, size, alignment, spacing, etc.

• Click OK when done.
  All text using that style will update automatically.

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6. Deleting a Style

You can remove styles you created (not default styles).

Steps:

• Open the Styles Sidebar.

• Right-click the custom style you want to delete.

• Click Delete.

• If used in the document, Writer may ask what style to replace it with.

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Conclusion

Creating and updating styles in LibreOffice Writer saves time and keeps documents neat. Whether you're writing a letter, report, or project, using styles makes everything look better and more organized.

Image in LibreOffice Writer

Images make a document look more attractive and easy to understand. LibreOffice Writer gives many ways to insert images into your work. Below are the different ways you can add images to a document.

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1. Adding Image to a Document

You can add pictures like logos, charts, or photos into your text to make it more visual.

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2. Inserting an Image File

Steps:

• Click Insert > Image from the top menu.

• Select an image from your computer.

• Click Open – the image will appear in your document.

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3. Linking an Image File

This means the image stays in its original location, and the document just shows a link to it. It reduces file size.

Steps:

• Click Insert > Image.

• In the file window, tick Link at the bottom.

• Select your image and click Open.

Note: Don’t move or delete the image file from your computer, or the link will break.

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4. Embedding a Linked Image

If you linked an image but now want to embed (save it inside the document):

Steps:

• Go to Edit > Links to External Files.

• Select the image and click Break Link.
  Now the image is saved in the document.

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5. Add Image Using Drag and Drop

Steps:

• Open a folder where your image is saved.

• Click and hold the image file.

• Drag it into your Writer document and release.
  The image will be inserted at that spot.

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6. Add Image Using Copy and Paste

Steps:

• Right-click on an image from any source (like a website or folder).

• Choose Copy.

• Go to your document and press Ctrl + V or right-click and choose Paste.
  The image will be added.

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7. Add Image Using the Scanner

If you have a scanner connected:

Steps:

• Click Insert > Media > Scan > Select Source.

• Choose your scanner.

• Then click Insert > Media > Scan > Request.
  The scanner will scan and add the image to your document.

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8. Inserting Image from the Gallery

LibreOffice has a built-in Gallery with clip art and images.

Steps:

• Click Tools > Gallery or press Ctrl + Shift + F10.

• The Gallery will open at the top or side.

• Find an image and drag it into your document.

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Conclusion

LibreOffice Writer gives you many ways to add images easily. You can insert, link, scan, or drag and drop pictures. Using images helps make your document more interesting and informative.

Modifying an Image in LibreOffice Writer

After adding an image in LibreOffice Writer, you can change how it looks. You can crop it, resize it, rotate it, and more. LibreOffice provides tools to edit images easily right inside your document.

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1. Cropping an Image

Cropping means cutting out unwanted parts of an image.

a. Cropping Image Using the Image Dialog Box

Steps:

• Click on the image.

• Right-click and choose Properties or Format > Image.

• Go to the Crop tab.

• Enter the values (in cm) for how much to crop from each side (left, right, top, bottom).

• Click OK.
  Only the selected part will stay.

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2. Resizing an Image

Resizing means changing the size (width and height) of the image.

Steps:

• Click the image.

• Small squares will appear around it.

• Drag a corner inward to make it smaller, or outward to make it bigger.

• Hold Shift while dragging to keep the same shape (proportion).

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3. Rotating or Flipping an Image

Steps to Rotate or Flip:

• Select the image.

• Use the Image Toolbar at the top (if not visible, click View > Toolbars > Image).

• Use these buttons:

  • Flip Vertically – turns the image upside down.

  • Flip Horizontally – makes a mirror image.

  • Rotate 90° left or right – turns the image by 90 degrees.

Note: LibreOffice Writer does not support free rotation (like 45°) directly. You may use LibreOffice Draw for more rotation options.

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4. Moving and Deleting the Image

To Move:

• Click the image.

• Drag it to a new place in the document.

To Delete:

• Click the image to select it.

• Press Delete key on your keyboard.

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Using the Image Toolbar

The Image Toolbar has many tools to edit images. You can turn it on by clicking View > Toolbars > Image.

Important Tools on the Image Toolbar:

• Crop – cut parts of the image.

• Flip – flip the image vertically or horizontally.

• Rotate – turn the image 90° left or right.

• Transparency – make the image see-through (0% = normal, 100% = fully invisible).

• Color – change brightness, contrast, red, green, or blue levels.

• Filter – apply effects like grayscale or emboss.

• Image Mode – choose between normal color, grayscale, watermark, etc.

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Conclusion

Modifying images in LibreOffice Writer is simple. You can crop, resize, rotate, and use the image toolbar to apply many effects. These tools help make your document more attractive and clear.

Drawing Objects in LibreOffice Writer

LibreOffice Writer is not just for typing—it also lets you draw shapes like rectangles, circles, lines, and arrows. These are called drawing objects. You can change their size, color, group them, and rotate them.

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1. Creating Drawing Object

Steps:

• Go to the Drawing Toolbar (bottom of the window).
  If it's not visible, click View > Toolbars > Drawing.

• Click a shape like Rectangle, Ellipse, Line, etc.

• Click and drag on the page to draw the object.

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2. Setting or Changing Properties for Drawing Object

After drawing, you can change color, border, line style, etc.

Steps:

• Select the shape.

• Right-click and choose Properties.

• Use the dialog box or the sidebar to change:

  • Fill color

  • Line color and thickness

  • Shadow or transparency

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3. Resizing a Drawing Object

Steps:

• Click the object.

• Drag the corner handles to resize it.

• Hold Shift to keep the shape in proportion (like a perfect circle or square).

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4. Grouping Drawing Objects

Grouping lets you move or resize several shapes together.

Steps:

• Hold Shift and click multiple objects to select them.

• Right-click and choose Group > Group.
  Now they move and act like one object.

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5. Rotating Drawing Object

LibreOffice Writer has limited rotation.
Tip: For advanced rotation, use LibreOffice Draw.

In Writer (for lines, arrows, etc.):

• Right-click the object → Position and Size > Rotation tab

• Enter rotation angle manually (e.g., 45°)

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Positioning Image Within the Text

Images in a document need to be placed properly so that the text looks neat and organized. You can control how the image sits with the text.

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1. Changing Arrangement Setting

Arrangement controls which image is in front or behind others.

Steps:

• Right-click on image → Arrange

• Choose:

  • Bring to Front

  • Send to Back

  • Forward One / Back One

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2. Anchoring Image

Anchoring fixes the image to a certain part of the page or text.

Types of Anchors:

• To Page – image stays in one place on the page

• To Paragraph – image moves with a paragraph

• To Character – image behaves like a large character

• As Character – image is in line with text like a word

Steps:

• Right-click on the image → Anchor → Choose your option

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3. Changing Alignment Setting

This controls how the image is placed horizontally or vertically.

Steps:

• Right-click on the image → Align

• Choose Top, Center, Bottom or Left, Center, Right
  (depends on the anchor type)

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4. Wrapping Text Around Image

Wrap options control how text flows near the image.

Wrap Types:

• No Wrap – text does not go beside the image

• Page Wrap – text goes around all sides of the image

• Optimal Page Wrap – text wraps closely around the shape of the image

• Wrap Through – text goes over the image (image becomes transparent)

• In Background – image goes behind the text

Steps:

• Right-click on image → Wrap → Select the wrap style you want

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Conclusion

LibreOffice Writer gives you tools to draw, edit, and position objects and images in your document. With simple steps, you can create neat layouts and visual presentations that look professional and easy to read.

Chap 11 Completed Class 10th CBSE Code 402